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Bergen Tramway was a tramway in Bergen, Norway, which was in operation from 1897 to 1965. The first three lines were opened on 29 June 1897. Starting in 1950, tramway lines were gradually replaced with bus and trolleybus routes. The last line closed in 1965. Since 1993, a heritage tram is operated in Møhlenpris by the Bergen's Electric Tramway association. A light rail system was proposed in 1995, adopted in the 2000s and started operating in 2010. ==History== In 1882, a horse coach service for Bergen was proposed; it started operating in 1893. This mode of transportation did not gain much success, and ceased a few years later. The construction of a tramway was decided in 1894, and started one year later, with the German company Union-Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (UEG, later AEG) as the major shareholder. The tramway opened on 29 June 1897, and was operated by the newly established Bergens Elektriske Sporvei.〔 In the beginning, three lines ran through the city centre; from Bradbenken to Sukkerhusbryggen over Torget; from Småstrandgaten to Nygårdsbroen; and from Småstrandgaten to Kalfaret. In 1898, the route from Nygårdsbroen merged with the route to Sandviken.〔 Later, the line from Kalfaret to Småstrandgaten merged with line to Sukkerhusbryggen. In 1901, the branch line from the Sandviken line closed, the first tram closure in Norway. In 1910, the line to Sukkerhusbryggen closed. In 1911 the line to Møhlenpris opened;〔 Nordnes had a new line five years later, extended to Bergen Railway Station in the 1920s. There were plans to create an interchange between the tramway and the Fløibanen funicular with a tram stop, but this did not happen. The Bergen city fire in 1916 had a positive impact on the tramway. Large areas of the city centre burned to ashes and made space for additional lines, double track and more spacious tram stops.〔 However, many of the tram depots burned down.〔 In 1916, shipowner Håkon J. Wallem purchased AEG's share of the tram company. He let the municipality of Bergen take over the tramway, and from September 1917 the public-owned company Bergen Sporvei operated the trams. Many lines were extended during the 1920s,〔For a route map of the tram lines, see Bergen Byleksikon, p. 468 and (this online map )〕 and in 1932 the tramway reached its largest extent.〔 In the 1930s many tram lines were replaced and supplemented with bus routes run by Bergens Sporvei. The buses' share of the Bergen traffic grew larger during the 1950s and 1960s, and in December 1963 the Bergen City Council decided to close the tramway. The last tram traveled to Møhlen 31 December 1964. All the trams except one were scrapped and lowered into Puddefjorden.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.divenorway.com/bergen.htm )〕 In 1974, The "Association for the Technical Museum in Bergen" was established, aiming at running a heritage tram on the tracks of the former tramway. In 1991, a rental agreement of the tram depot at Møhlenpris was put in place, and in 1993 the first tram ran. The line is now served with five trams; the one not scrapped in 1965, one from the Oslo Tramway painted yellow (pictured), and three from Berlin, built in 1969.〔 In 1995, it was decided that a light rail line from the city centre to Bergen Airport, Flesland would be constructed. The Bergen Light Rail started operating in 2010, with Variotrams from Stadler Rail from Nesttun to the city centre,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.newsinenglish.no/2010/06/11/new-bergen-tram-off-to-rocky-start/ )〕 extended to Rådal in August 2010. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bergen Tramway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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